Site plan review evaluates the arrangement of a proposed development against objective standards. Where the use is permitted by right, review is ministerial in character and discretion is limited.
Scope. Access and circulation, parking, drainage, utilities, landscaping, lighting, screening, grading, and compliance with dimensional standards.
The limit on discretion. A body reviewing a use permitted by right cannot deny the application because it dislikes the use. Denials must rest on identified failures to meet ordinance standards, stated in writing.
Standards must be objective enough to apply. Aesthetic and design standards are permissible where they contain ascertainable criteria; those resting on harmony or appropriateness alone are vulnerable.
Conditions may address the standards but not impose unrelated exactions.
Timing. Many statutes prescribe review periods and deem-approved consequences, and administrative completeness review should not be used to restart the clock repeatedly.
Engineering review by a consultant is standard, with the applicant paying escrowed fees. Fee ordinances should tie charges to actual costs.
Record. Approved plans should be signed, dated and retained, with a clear statement of what was approved. Enforcement years later depends on being able to produce the approved plan and any conditions attached to it.